# Project Euler Problem 2: Even Fibonacci numbers solution

P

Each new term in the Fibonacci sequence is generated by adding the previous two terms.
By starting with 1 and 2, the first 10 terms will be:
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, …
By considering the terms in the Fibonacci sequence whose values do not exceed four million,
find the sum of the even-valued terms.

# My Algorithm

As explained in the problem statement, you can compute all Fibonacci numbers in an iterative way: F_i=F_{i-2}+F_{i-1}

My variables a and b stand for F_{i-2} and Fi-1 whereas next is Fi

#include <iostream>
int main()
{
unsigned int tests;
std::cin >> tests;
while (tests––)
{
unsigned long long last;
std::cin >> last;
unsigned long long sum = 0;
// first Fibonacci numbers
unsigned long long a = 1;
unsigned long long b = 2;
// until we reach the limit
while (b <= last)
{
// even ?
if (b % 2 == 0)
sum += b;
// next Fibonacci number
auto next = a + b;
a = b;
b = next;
}
std::cout << sum << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
public final class p002 implements EulerSolution {

public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(new p002().run());
}

/*
* Computers are fast, so we can implement this solution directly without any clever math.
* Because the Fibonacci sequence grows exponentially by a factor of 1.618, the sum is
* bounded above by a small multiple of 4 million. Thus the answer fits in a Java int type.
*/
public String run() {
int sum = 0;
int x = 1;  // Represents the current Fibonacci number being processed
int y = 2;  // Represents the next Fibonacci number in the sequence
while (x <= 4000000) {
if (x % 2 == 0)
sum += x;
int z = x + y;
x = y;
y = z;
}
return Integer.toString(sum);
}

}
def fibs_up_to(t, a=1, b=2):
while a < t:
yield a
a, b = b, a + b

fibs = fibs_up_to(4000000)
sum(n for n in fibs if n % 2 == 0)

#Brute force 2 - only generating even fibs (every third)
def even_fibs_up_to(t):
a, b = 2, 3
while a < t:
yield a
a, b = a + 2 * b, 2 * a + 3 * b

fibs = even_fibs_up_to(4000000)
sum(n for n in fibs)

# Benchmark

The correct solution to the original Project Euler problem was found in less than 0.01 seconds on an Intel® Core™ i7-2600K CPU @ 3.40GHz. (compiled for x86_64 / Linux, GCC flags: -O3 -march=native -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -std=gnu++11 -DORIGINAL)

# Hackerrank

Above code solves 5 out of 5 test cases (score: 100%)

# Difficulty

5% Project Euler ranks this problem at 5% (out of 100%).

Hackerrank describes this problem as easy.

Note:
Hackerrank has strict execution time limits (typically 2 seconds for C++ code) and often a much wider input range than the original problem.
In my opinion, Hackerrank's modified problems are usually a lot harder to solve. As a rule thumb: brute-force is rarely an option.

projecteuler.net/thread=2the best forum on the subject (note: you have to submit the correct solution first)

Code in various languages:

C# www.mathblog.dk/project-euler-problem-2/ (written by Kristian Edlund)
C github.com/eagletmt/project-euler-c/blob/master/1-9/problem2.c (written by eagletmt)
Java github.com/nayuki/Project-Euler-solutions/blob/master/java/p002.java (written by Nayuki)
Javascript github.com/dsernst/ProjectEuler/blob/master/2 Even Fibonacci numbers.js (written by David Ernst)
Go github.com/frrad/project-euler/blob/master/golang/Problem002.go (written by Frederick Robinson)
Mathematica github.com/nayuki/Project-Euler-solutions/blob/master/mathematica/p002.mathematica (written by Nayuki)